Aviation and Space Research Library

The source’s purpose and the reader’s question

Science pages, handbooks, regulations and research papers answer different questions. Define your research question first, then check the source’s purpose, institution and date. A starting sequence: explanation of the physics, the relevant handbook chapter, then research.

[1] NASA Glenn Research Center · [2] FAA · [3] TÜBİTAK Science Youth · [4] Directorate General of Civil Aviation

A handbook provides a reading route

The PHAK addresses conceptual aeronautical knowledge; the Airplane Flying Handbook addresses skills in a training context. Rather than republishing these works, this library provides original explanations directing readers to the relevant chapters.

Suggested study method: scan the headings, explain three unfamiliar terms, write your own example and identify its limitations. Record the chapter, edition and access date in your notes. This independent reading suggestion is not an official training syllabus.

[2] FAA · [5] FAA

Date and jurisdiction in regulations

For licensing in Türkiye, consult the Directorate General of Civil Aviation’s regulations in force. The instruction directory reviewed shows an amendment to SHT-FCL dated 11.06.2025; it must be checked again when applying. Links on older information pages may be outdated.

EASA’s Aircrew page provides the revision of 16.10.2026 as PDF, web and XML versions. The EU framework does not replace Turkish legislation. Comparisons must state the jurisdiction, version date and distinction between binding regulations and explanatory material.

[4] Directorate General of Civil Aviation · [6] EASA

What should you examine in a scientific paper?

Examine a paper’s sample, measurement setting, method and uncertainty. A DOI helps locate it; it does not determine the strength of its findings on its own.

The study by Alaminos-Torres and colleagues collected questionnaire data from 283 Spanish commercial airline pilots. Relationships between workload, fatigue and sleepiness do not establish causation or generalisability to all pilots.

Masi and colleagues’ narrative review examines methods for measuring stress and workload. It is not the same type of evidence as a new flight experiment and should be read alongside the 2024 correction shown on the page.

[7] Alaminos-Torres et al.; Behavioral Sciences · [8] Masi, Amprimo, Ferraris and Priano; Sensors

Photographs have source records too

The X-29 photograph’s NASA label gives 13.09.1991, while the DVIDS catalogue field shows 2009. The NACA photograph’s 4/1/1921 label must be distinguished from the facility’s completion in 1920.

Both records carry public-domain labels. The source and record number should be preserved. Third-party images on NASA’s website do not automatically share the same rights status; NASA endorsement must not be implied.

[9] NASA / DVIDS · [10] NASA / DVIDS · [11] NASA